Hedgehog Care Sheet

Origin:

Pet hedgehogs are most commonly African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris), native to central and eastern Africa. They have been domesticated for many years and are popular as quiet, low-odor companions.

Description:

Hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals covered with short spines on their back and soft fur on their face and belly. Adults typically weigh 300–600 grams and measure 5–8 inches long. Their lifespan ranges from 4–6 years, sometimes longer with excellent care.

Temperament:

Hedgehogs are solitary and shy but can become friendly and inquisitive with gentle, consistent handling. They may roll into a ball when startled or stressed, using their spines for protection. Regular socialization helps them become more comfortable and interactive.

Feeding:

• Staple diet: High-quality hedgehog food or low-fat cat food with high protein and low fat content.
• Treats: Mealworms, crickets, cooked eggs, chicken, fruits (in small amounts), and vegetables.
• Water: Provide fresh water daily in a shallow dish or water bottle.

Avoid sugary or starchy foods and never feed raw meats or dairy.

Housing:

• Cage type: Large, escape-proof enclosure with solid flooring.
• Size: Minimum 24"x36", larger is always better.
• Bedding: Paper-based bedding or fleece liners; avoid cedar or pine shavings.
• Temperature: Maintain 72–80°F; temperatures below 70°F can cause dangerous hibernation attempts.
• Accessories: Exercise wheel (solid surface), hide box, tunnels, and toys for enrichment.
• Cleaning: Spot clean daily and deep clean weekly to control odor and bacteria.

Companionship:

Hedgehogs are solitary by nature and should generally be housed alone. They do not require social interaction with other hedgehogs but do benefit from daily gentle handling by their owner.

Handling:

Handle your hedgehog gently and frequently to help it become tame. Scoop it up from underneath using both hands. If it rolls into a ball, wait patiently—never pry it open. Once comfortable, many hedgehogs enjoy exploring on their owner’s lap.

Health:

Common health issues include:

• Obesity from overfeeding or lack of exercise
• Dental problems
• Mites or skin issues
• Respiratory infections
• Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome (a neurological condition)

Regular veterinary care from an exotic pet specialist is recommended. Keep the environment clean and warm to prevent illness.

Grooming:

Trim nails every few weeks and bathe occasionally in shallow warm water using a soft toothbrush to clean quills. Avoid frequent baths as this can dry out their skin. Clean the exercise wheel regularly to maintain hygiene.

Fun Facts:

• Hedgehogs curl into tight balls when frightened, exposing only their sharp quills.
• They have poor eyesight but excellent hearing and smell.
• Hedgehogs may “anoint” themselves by licking and spreading saliva with new scents on their quills.
• They are quiet pets, most active during the evening and night.

Compliments of:
S & S Exotic Animals, Inc.
1711 Connorvale Rd., Houston, TX 77039
(281) 590-0426
www.sandsexoticanimals.com